Racialization, Immigration, and Urban Space Transformations in São Paulo

Abstract

The purpose of this essay is a reflection on the constitution of the urbanization of the city of São Paulo at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century and the processes of racialization, as well as contemporary migrations that reside in the city of São Paulo, such as the Bolivian and the African. A starting point is the reflection on the insertion of black people in the post-abolition of slavery in 1888, a central point to discuss the issue of their integration and segregation, considering a set of practices that criminalized recently freed Afro-Brazilians as the crime of “vagrancy”, if they did not prove any employment relationship, they could be taken to the police station, including musical artists, in addition to the policies of whitening the population with the arrival of European immigrants and eugenic policies were discussed by the São Paulo intellectual elite.