Palabras clave
especiación
sedimentos
fuentes y sumidero
Cómo citar
Resumen
Se investigó la geoquímica del fósforo (P) y la capacidad de los sedimentos del río Orinoco y de la laguna de Castillero (Venezuela) para actuar como fuentes o sumideros de P. Se midieron propiedades fisicoquímicas del agua y se caracterizó la especiación del P en sedimentos mediante un esquema de extracción secuencial SEDEX. En los sedimentos del río Orinoco las fracciones promedio (µg g⁻¹) fueron: fósforo detrítico 79,11; fósforo orgánico 17,27; P adsorbido a óxidos de Fe 4,78; P autigénico 3,19. En la laguna de Castillero las mismas fracciones mostraron mayores concentraciones: fósforo detrítico 154,25; fósforo orgánico 70,82; P autigénico 5,78; P adsorbido a óxidos de Fe 4,81. Los sedimentos del Orinoco están dominados por fracciones inorgánicas poco móviles, lo que se relaciona con baja biodisponibilidad (PBD = 22,05 µg g⁻¹) y relación N:P elevada (16,22). En la laguna de Castillero, la mayor proporción de fracciones lábiles y materia orgánica resultó en mayor biodisponibilidad (PBD = 75,63 µg g⁻¹) y relación N:P baja (5,46), sugiriendo un mayor potencial de eutrofización. Se concluye que el Orinoco funciona como sumidero geoquímico, mientras que Castillero representa un reservorio con capacidad de liberar P bajo condiciones favorables.
Citas
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