Keywords
ansiedad
cronotipo
desempeño académico
How to Cite
Abstract
The purpose is to identify the association between academic performance, kindness, afternoon/morning and fluctuating anxiety in college students. We used the method of a non-random sample, participated 116 students of the University of Magdalena through a correlational descriptive study; significant associations and statistically normal behavior were found for the independent variables. The results. They allowed to verify that the accumulated academic performance was 77% and the affability score, was obtained a high level in 93%, while the tension obtained a high level in 100%. The maturity/balance score ranged from 32 to 67 points (M = 52.75 ± 8.31). A significant positive correlation was found between the accumulated mean and affability. There was also an inverse correlation between affability and tension and between chronotype and fluctuating anxiety. In addition, the chronotype has a normal and parametric distribution associated with academic performance, tension and affability. There was a significant difference between groups R3 and R4 of chronotype, as well as equality of variances. It concludes with the recommendation to continue with the studies to investigate the relationship between chronotypic and personality factors, as well as the incorporation of other physiological variables of the chronotype and their impact on academic performance.
References
Adan, A. & Almirall, H. (1990). Adaptation and standardization of a Spanish version of the morningness-eveningness questionnaire: Individual differences. Personality and Individual Differences. 11 (11), 1123-1130. https://doi.org/10.1016/0191-8869(90)90023-K
Allport, G. W. (1937). Personality: A psychological interpretation. New York: H. Holt and Company
Cattell, R. B. (1943). The description of personality. I. Foundations of trait measurement. Psychological Review, 50 (1943), 559–594.
Cattell, R. B. (1946a). Description and measurement of personality. Oxford, England:World Book Company.
Cattell, R. B. (1946b). Personality structure andmeasurement. I. The operational determination of trait unities. British Journal of Psychology, 36(1946), 88–102.
Cattell, R. B. (1946c). Personality structure and measurement. II. The determination and utility of trait modality. British Journal of Psychology, 36(1946), 159–174.
Cattell, R. B. (1963). Theory of fluid and crystallized intelligence: A critical experiment. Journal of Educational Psychology, 54(1963), 1–22.
Cattell, R. B. (1966a). The data box: Its ordering of total resources in terms of possible relational systems. In R. B. Cattell (Ed.), Handbook of multivariate experimental psychology (pp. 67–128). Chicago: Rand-McNally.
Cattell, R. B. (1966b). The scree test for the number of factors. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 1 (1966), 245–276. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327906mbr0102_10
Cattell, R. B. (1978). The scientific use of factor analysis. New York: Plenum Press
Cattell, R. B., Cattell, A. K., & Cattell, H. E. (1993). Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire (5th ed.). Champain, IL: Institute for Personality and Ability Testing, Inc.
Córdoba, J.E. & Jaramillo, G.P. (2012). Inclusion of the latent personality variable in multinomial logit models using the 16pf psychometric test. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 54 (2012), 169 – 178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.09.736
Chan NY, Zhang J, Yu MWM, Lam SP, Li SX, Kong APS, Li AM, Wing YK. (2016). Impact of a Modest Delay in School Start Time in Hong Kong School Adolescents. Sleep Medicine, nd(nd), on line. https://doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2016.09.018
Djapo, N., Kolenovic-Djapo, J., Djokic, R. & Fako, I. (2011). Relationship between Cattell’s 16PF and fluid and crystallized intelligence. Personality and Individual Differences. 51 (1), 63–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2011.03.014
Edel, R. (2003). El rendimiento académico: Concepto, Investigación y Desarrollo. Revista Electrónica Iberoamericana sobre Calidad, Eficacia y Cambio en Educación, 1(2), 1-15, http://goo.gl/Qy3d90
Escribano, C. & Díaz-Morales, J. (2016). Are achievement goals different among morning and evening-type adolescents? Personality and Individual Differences, 88 (2016), 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2015.08.032
Eysenck, H. J. (1947). Dimensions of personality. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
Eysenck, H. J. (1952). The scientific study of personality. London: Routledge & K. Paul.
Eysenck, H. J. (1966). Personality and experimental psychology. Bulletin of the British Psychological Society, 19 (1966), 1–28.
Fajardo, F., Maestre, M., Felipe, E., León, B. & Polo, M. (2017). Análisis del rendimiento académico de los alumnos de educación secundaria obligatoria según las variables familiares. Educación XXI, 20 (1), 209-232. http://DOI:10.5944/educXX1.14475
Fan, J., Wong, C., Carroll, S. & Lopez, F. (2008). An empirical investigation of the influence of social desirability on the factor structure of the Chinese 16PF. Personality and Individual Differences. 45 (2008) 790–795. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2008.08.008
Horne, J. & Ostberg, O. (1975). Time of day effects on extroversion and salivation. Biological Psychology. 3 (4), 301–307. https://doi.org/10.1016/0301-0511(75)90028-9
Horne J. & Ostberg, O. (1976). A self-assessment questionnaire to determine morningness-eveningness in human circadian rhythms. International Journal of Chronobiology, 4 (1976), 97-100.
Horne, J. & Ostberg, O. (1977). Individual differences in human circadian rhythms. Biological Psychology. 5 (3), 179–190. https://doi.org/10.1016/0301-0511(77)90001-1
Hyder O. & Mirghani, M. (2017). The effect of chronotype (morningness/eveningness) on medical students’ academic achievement in Sudan. Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences, nd(nd), 1-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtumed.2017.03.007
Ingram, K. Ay, A., Kwon, S., Woods, K., Escobar, S., Gordon, … & Jain, K. (2016). Molecular insights into chronotype and time-of-day effects on decision-making. Scientific Reports, 6 (29392), on line. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep29392
Kuula, L , Pesonen, A., Heinonen, K., Kajantie, E., Gunnar, J., Andersson, S., … & Raikkonen, K. (2017). Naturally occurring circadian rhythm and sleep duration are related to executive functions in early adulthood. J Sleep Res, nd(nd), 1-7. https://doi:10.1111/jsr.12581
Lee, K., Lee, HK., Jhungd, K., & Young, J. (2017). Relationship between chronotype and temperament/character among university students. Psychiatry Research, 251 (2017), 63–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2017.01.071
Leocadio-Miguel, M., Mazzili, F., Lourenção, L. Peixoto, R., Alam, M. Ventura, M., ... & Pedrazzoli, M. (2017). Latitudinal cline of chronotype. Scientific Reports, 7 (5437), on line. https://doi:10.1038/s41598-017-05797-w
Linden, D. Dunkel, C.S. & Petrides, K.V. (2016). The General Factor of Personality (GFP) as social effectiveness: Review of the literature. Personality and Individual Differences, 101(2016), 98–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2016.05.020
Markarian, Warnke & Pickett (2017). 1121 Morningness-eveningness and social anxiety: the indirect effect through punishment sensitivity and experiential avoidance. Sleep, 40(1), 28, A418. https://doi.org/10.1093/sleepj/zsx050.1120
Matthews, G. (2008a). Personality and information processing: A cognitive-adaptive theory. In G. J. Boyle, G. Matthews, & D. H. Saklofske (Eds.), The Sage handbook of personality theory and testing: Volume 1: Personality theories and models (pp. 56–79). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Matthews, G. (2008b). Reinforcement sensitivity theory: A critique from cognitive science. In P. J. Corr (Ed.), The reinforcement sensitivity theory of personality (pp. 482–507). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Matthews, G. (2009). Cognitive processes and models. In P. J. Corr, & G. Matthews (Eds.), The Cambridge handbook of personality (pp. 400–426). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Matthews, G. (2016). Traits, cognitive processes and adaptation: An elegy for Hans Eysenck's personality theory. Personality and Individual Differences, 103(2016), 61–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2016.04.037
Phillips, A., Clerx, W., O`Brien, C., Sano, A., Barger, L., Picard, R., … & Czeisler, C. (2017). Irregular sleep/wake patterns are associated with poorer academic performance and delayed circadian and sleep/wake timing. Scientific Reports, 7(3216), on line. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-03171-4
Randler, C., Faßl, C. & Kalb, N. (2017). From Lark to Owl: developmental changes in morningness / eveningness from new-borns to early adulthood. rom Lark to Owl: developmental changes in morningness-eveningness from new-borns to early adulthood. Scientific Reports, 7 (45874), on line. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep45874
Randler, C. & Rahafar, A. (2017) Latitude affects Morningness-Eveningness: evidence for the environment hypothesis based on a systematic review. Scientific Reports, 7 (39976). On line. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep39976
Reichert, C., Maire, M., Gabel, V., Viola, A., Götz, T., Scheffler, K., … & Schmidt, C. (2017). Cognitive brain responses during circadian wake-promotion: evidence for sleep-pressure-dependent hypothalamic activations. Scientific Reports, 7(5620), on line. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-05695-1
Revelle, W. (2016). Hans Eysenck: Personality theorist. Personality and Individual Differences. 103 (2016) 32–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2016.04.007
Seisdedos-Cubero, N. (2011). Cuestionario factorial de personalidade de Cattell: 16 PF-5 / B. Cattell, A. K. S Cattell y H. E. P. Cattell. Madrid: TEA.
Sheldon, S. (2014). The Function, Phylogeny and Ontogeny of Sleep. En Sheldon, S., Ferber, R., Kryger, M. & Gozal, D. Principles and Practice of Pediatric Sleep Medicine. 2da. Ed (p.p. 3-11). London: Elsevier.
Spearman, C. (1904). “General Intelligence,” objectively determined and measured. American Journal of Psychology, 15(1904), 201–292.
Thurstone, L. L. (1933). The theory of multiple factors. Ann Arbor, Michigan: Edwards Brothers.
Thurstone, L. L. (1935). The vectors of mind: Multiple-factor analysis for the isolation of primary traits. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Touitou, Y, Touitou, D. & Reinberg, A. (2017). Disruption of adolescents’ circadian clock: The vicious circle of media use, exposure to light at night, sleep loss and risk behaviors. J Physiol Paris, 2017(May 12), 1-13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jphysparis.2017.05.001
Vollmer C, Jankowski KS, Díaz-Morales JF, Itzek-Greulich H, Wüst-Ackermann P, Randler C, Morningness−eveningness correlates with sleep time, quality, and hygiene in secondary school students: A multilevel analysis, Sleep Medicine (2016), http://doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2016.09.022
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2024 Ubaldo Enrique Rodríguez de Ávila, Fabíola Rodrigues de França Campos, Zuany Luz Paba Argote